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,, , The incidence of TB globally in 2010 was estimated to be 8.8 million, which is equivalent to 128 cases per 100 000 in the population. Moreover, the decline occurred only in some American and European countries, none of which are among the 13 WHO high-burden countries, which are mainly in sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia.
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Unfortunately, control programmes had less success in reducing the incidence of TB, which only declined by 0.7% per year during 2004–2008. TB control averted up to 6 million deaths and cured 36 million people in 1995–2008. The Stop-TB Partnership targets, included in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), are to halve the prevalence and mortality of TB by 2015 in comparison to their levels in 1990. In 2000, WHO initiated the Stop-TB Partnership, in order to improve the effectiveness of TB-control programmes globally. Since 1947, the World Health Organization (WHO) has been conducting TB control through various control programmes, such as mass BCG vaccination and improved chemotherapy, management and service programmes, as well as implementation of the directly observed treatment, short course (DOTS) strategy. tuberculosis and the incidence of TB has a great potential to increase. About one third of the world’s population is infected with M. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. WHO South-East Asia J Public Health 2014 3:179-85. Clustered tuberculosis incidence in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia.
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How to cite this URL: Wardani DW, Lazuardi L, Mahendradhata Y, Kusnanto H. WHO South-East Asia J Public Health 2014 3:179-85 How to cite this article: Wardani DW, Lazuardi L, Mahendradhata Y, Kusnanto H. Keywords: Cluster, housing condition, poor family, population density, tuberculosis Identification of clusters of TB, together with its etiological factors such as social determinants, and risk factors, can be used to support TB control programmes, particularly those aiming to reach vulnerable populations, and intensified case-finding.
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The short radius of the clusters also indicated the possibility of local transmission of TB.Ĭonclusions: The incidence of TB in Bandar Lampung was not randomly distributed, but significantly concentrated in two clusters. Clusters occurred in areas with high population density and a high proportion of poor families and poor housing conditions. Results: Two significant clusters were identified with P value of 0.05 for the primary cluster and 0.1 for the secondary cluster. The coordinate data were then analysed using SaTScan. Data on home addresses from all cases were geocoded into latitude and longitude coordinates, using global positioning system (GPS) tools. Methods: Medical records were obtained of smear-positive TB patients who were receiving treatment at DOTS facilities, located at 27 primary health centres and one hospital, during the period January to July 2012. This study aimed to identify space–time clusters of TB during January to July 2012 in Bandar Lampung, and assess whether clustering co-occurred with locations of high population density and poverty. Cluster analysis is recognized as an interactive tool that can be used to identify the significance of spatially grouping sites of TB incidence. Background: The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in the city of Bandar Lampung, Indonesia, increased during the period 2009–2011, although the cure rate for TB cases treated under the directly observed treatment, short course (DOTS) strategy in the city has been maintained at more than 85%.